# module ENV

##
Overview

`ENV` is a hash-like accessor for environment variables.

###
Example

    # Set env var PORT to a default if not already set
    ENV["PORT"] ||= "5000"
    # Later use that env var.
    puts ENV["PORT"].to_i

NOTE All keys and values are strings. You must take care to cast other types at runtime, e.g. integer port numbers.

##
Extended Modules

- Enumerable({String, String})

##
Defined in:

env.cr

##
Class Method Summary

- .[](key : String) : String

  Retrieves the value for environment variable named key as a `String`.

- .[]=(key : String, value : String | Nil)

  Sets the value for environment variable named key as value.

- .[]?(key : String) : String | Nil

  Retrieves the value for environment variable named key as a `String?`.

- .clear : Nil
- .delete(key : String) : String | Nil

  Removes the environment variable named key.

- .each(& : Tuple(String, String) -> )

  Iterates over all `KEY=VALUE` pairs of environment variables, yielding both the key and value.

- .fetch(key, default : T) : String | T forall T

  Retrieves a value corresponding to the given key.

- .fetch(key) : String

  Retrieves a value corresponding to the given key.

- .fetch(key : String, &block : String -> T) : String | T forall T

  Retrieves a value corresponding to a given key.

- .has_key?(key : String) : Bool

  Returns `true` if the environment variable named key exists and `false` if it doesn't.

- .inspect(io)

  Writes the contents of the environment to io.

- .keys : Array(String)

  Returns an array of all the environment variable names.

- .pretty_print(pp)
- .values : Array(String)

  Returns an array of all the environment variable values.

##
Class Method Detail

def self.[](key : String) : String #

Retrieves the value for environment variable named key as a `String`. Raises `KeyError` if the named variable does not exist.

def self.[]=(key : String, value : String | Nil) #

Sets the value for environment variable named key as value. Overwrites existing environment variable if already present. Returns value if successful, otherwise raises an exception. If value is `nil`, the environment variable is deleted.

If key or value contains a null-byte an `ArgumentError` is raised.

def self.[]?(key : String) : String | Nil #

Retrieves the value for environment variable named key as a `String?`. Returns `nil` if the named variable does not exist.

def self.clear : Nil #
def self.delete(key : String) : String | Nil #

Removes the environment variable named key. Returns the previous value if the environment variable existed, otherwise returns `nil`.

def self.each(& : Tuple(String, String) -> ) #

Iterates over all `KEY=VALUE` pairs of environment variables, yielding both the key and value.

    ENV.each do |key, value|
      puts "#{key} => #{value}"
    end

def self.fetch(key, default : T) : String | T forall T #

Retrieves a value corresponding to the given key. Return the second argument's value if the key does not exist.

def self.fetch(key) : String #

Retrieves a value corresponding to the given key. Raises a `KeyError` exception if the key does not exist.

def self.fetch(key : String, &block : String -> T) : String | T forall T #

Retrieves a value corresponding to a given key. Return the value of the block if the key does not exist.

def self.has_key?(key : String) : Bool #

Returns `true` if the environment variable named key exists and `false` if it doesn't.

    ENV.has_key?("NOT_A_REAL_KEY") # => false
    ENV.has_key?("PATH")           # => true

def self.inspect(io) #

Writes the contents of the environment to io.

def self.keys : Array(String) #

Returns an array of all the environment variable names.

def self.pretty_print(pp) #
def self.values : Array(String) #

Returns an array of all the environment variable values.