#### Description:

This class provides the basic facilities for describing a region within a specified coordinate system. However, the Region class does not have a constructor function of its own, as it is simply a container class for a family of specialised sub-classes such as Circle, Box, etc, which implement Regions with particular shapes.

All sub-classes of Region require a Frame to be supplied when the Region is created. This Frame describes the coordinate system in which the Region is defined, and is referred to as the `"` encapsulated Frame`"` below. Constructors will also typically required one or more positions to be supplied which define the location and extent of the region. These positions must be supplied within the encapsulated Frame.

The Region class inherits from the Frame class, and so a Region can be supplied where-ever a Frame is expected. In these cases, supplying a Region is equivalent to supplying a reference to its encapsulated Frame. Thus all the methods of the Frame class can be used on the Region class. For instance, the astFormat function may be used on a Region to format an axis value.

In addition, since Frame inherits from Mapping, a Region is also a sort of Mapping. Transforming positions by supplying a Region to one of the astTran <X > functions is the way to determine if a given position is inside or outside the Region (but see also the convenience function astPointInRegion). When used as a Mapping, most classes of Frame are equivalent to a UnitMap. However, the Region class modifies this behaviour so that a Region acts like a UnitMap only for input positions which are within the area represented by the Region. Input positions which are outside the area produce bad output values (i.e. the output values are equal to AST__BAD). This behaviour is the same for both the forward and the inverse transformation. In this sense the `"` inverse transformation`"` is not a true inverse of the forward transformation, since applying the forward transformation to a point outside the Region, and then applying the inverse transformation results, in a set of AST__BAD axis values rather than the original axis values. If required, the astRemoveRegions function can be used to remove the `"` masking`"` effect of any Regions contained within a compound Mapping or FrameSet. It does this by replacing each Region with a UnitMap or equivalent Frame (depending on the context in which the Region is used).

If the coordinate system represented by the Region is changed (by changing the values of one or more of the attribute which the Region inherits from its encapsulated Frame), the area represented by the Region is mapped into the new coordinate system. For instance, let`’` s say a Circle (a subclass of Region) is created, a SkyFrame being supplied to the constructor so that the Circle describes a circular area on the sky in FK4 equatorial coordinates. Since Region inherits from Frame, the Circle will have a System attribute and this attribute will be set to `"` FK4`"` . If the System attribute of the Region is then changed from FK4 to FK5, the circular area represented by the Region will automatically be mapped from the FK4 system into the FK5 system. In general, changing the coordinate system in this way may result in the region changing shape - for instance, a circle may change into an ellipse if the transformation from the old to the new coordinate system is linear but with different scales on each axis. Thus the specific class of a Region cannot be used as a guarantee of the shape in any particular coordinate system. If the astSimplify function is used on a Region, it will endeavour to return a new Region of a sub-class which accurately describes the shape in the current coordinate system of the Region (but this may not always be possible).

It is possible to negate an existing Region so that it represents all areas of the encapsulated Frame except for the area specified when the Region was created.

#### Constructor Function

None.

#### Inheritance

The Region class inherits from the Frame class.

#### Attributes

In addition to those attributes common to all Frames, every Region also has the following attributes:

- Adaptive: Should the area adapt to changes in the coordinate system?

- Negated: Has the original region been negated?

- Closed: Should the boundary be considered to be inside the region?

- MeshSize: Number of points used to create a mesh covering the Region

- FillFactor: Fraction of the Region which is of interest

- Bounded: Is the Region bounded?

Every Region also inherits any further attributes that belong to the encapsulated Frame, regardless of that Frame`’` s class. (For example, the Equinox attribute, defined by the SkyFrame class, is inherited by any Region which represents a SkyFrame.)

#### Functions

In addition to those functions applicable to all Frames, the following functions may also be applied to all Regions:

- astGetRegionBounds: Get the bounds of a box containing a Region

- astGetRegionFrame: Get a copy of the Frame represent by a Region

- astGetRegionFrameSet: Get a copy of the Frameset encapsulated by a Region

- astGetRegionMesh: Get a mesh of points covering a Region

- astGetRegionPoints: Get the positions that define a Region

- astGetUnc: Obtain uncertainty information from a Region

- astGetRegionDisc: Get the bounds of disc containing a Region

- astMapRegion: Transform a Region into a new coordinate system

- astNegate: Toggle the value of the Negated attribute

- astOverlap: Determines the nature of the overlap between two Regions

- astPointInRegion: Test if a single point is inside a Region

- astMask <X >: Mask a region of a data grid

- astSetUnc: Associate a new uncertainty with a Region

- astShowMesh: Display a mesh of points on the surface of a Region

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