- Qt 6.11
- Qt Core
- C++ Classes
- QDir
- Qt 6.11.1 Reference Documentation

# QDir Class

The QDir class provides access to directory structures and their contents. More...

Header: | `#include <QDir>`
CMake: | `find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core)` `target_link_libraries(mytarget PRIVATE Qt6::Core)`
qmake: | `QT += core`

- List of all members, including inherited members
- QDir is part of Input/Output and Networking and Implicitly Shared Classes.

This class is equality-comparable.

Note: All functions in this class are reentrant.

## Public Types

enum | Filter { Dirs, AllDirs, Files, Drives, NoSymLinks, …, CaseSensitive }
flags | Filters
enum | SortFlag { Name, Time, Size, Type, Unsorted, …, LocaleAware }
flags | SortFlags

## Public Functions

| QDir(const QString &path = QString())
`(since 6.0)` | QDir(const std::filesystem::path &path)
| QDir(const QString &path, const QString &nameFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = SortFlags(Name | IgnoreCase), QDir::Filters filters = AllEntries)
`(since 6.0)` | QDir(const std::filesystem::path &path, const QString &nameFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = SortFlags(Name | IgnoreCase), QDir::Filters filters = AllEntries)
| QDir(const QDir &dir)
| ~QDir()
QString | absoluteFilePath(const QString &fileName) const
QString | absolutePath() const
QString | canonicalPath() const
bool | cd(const QString &dirName)
bool | cdUp()
qsizetype | count() const
QString | dirName() const
QFileInfoList | entryInfoList(const QStringList &nameFilters, QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const
QFileInfoList | entryInfoList(QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const
QStringList | entryList(const QStringList &nameFilters, QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const
QStringList | entryList(QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const
bool | exists(const QString &name) const
bool | exists() const
QString | filePath(const QString &fileName) const
`(since 6.0)` std::filesystem::path | filesystemAbsolutePath() const
`(since 6.0)` std::filesystem::path | filesystemCanonicalPath() const
`(since 6.0)` std::filesystem::path | filesystemPath() const
QDir::Filters | filter() const
bool | isAbsolute() const
bool | isEmpty(QDir::Filters filters = Filters(AllEntries | NoDotAndDotDot)) const
bool | isReadable() const
bool | isRelative() const
bool | isRoot() const
bool | makeAbsolute()
bool | mkdir(const QString &dirName, std::optional<QFileDevice::Permissions> permissions = std::nullopt) const
bool | mkpath(const QString &dirPath, std::optional<QFileDevice::Permissions> permissions = std::nullopt) const
QStringList | nameFilters() const
QString | path() const
void | refresh() const
QString | relativeFilePath(const QString &fileName) const
bool | remove(const QString &fileName)
bool | removeRecursively()
bool | rename(const QString &oldName, const QString &newName)
bool | rmdir(const QString &dirName) const
bool | rmpath(const QString &dirPath) const
void | setFilter(QDir::Filters filters)
void | setNameFilters(const QStringList &nameFilters)
void | setPath(const QString &path)
`(since 6.0)` void | setPath(const std::filesystem::path &path)
void | setSorting(QDir::SortFlags sort)
QDir::SortFlags | sorting() const
void | swap(QDir &other)
QDir & | operator=(QDir &&other)
QDir & | operator=(const QDir &dir)
QString | operator[](qsizetype pos) const

## Static Public Members

void | addSearchPath(const QString &prefix, const QString &path)
`(since 6.0)` void | addSearchPath(const QString &prefix, const std::filesystem::path &path)
QString | cleanPath(const QString &path)
QDir | current()
QString | currentPath()
QFileInfoList | drives()
QString | fromNativeSeparators(const QString &pathName)
QDir | home()
QString | homePath()
bool | isAbsolutePath(const QString &path)
bool | isRelativePath(const QString &path)
QChar | listSeparator()
bool | match(const QString &filter, const QString &fileName)
bool | match(const QStringList &filters, const QString &fileName)
QDir | root()
QString | rootPath()
QStringList | searchPaths(const QString &prefix)
QChar | separator()
bool | setCurrent(const QString &path)
void | setSearchPaths(const QString &prefix, const QStringList &searchPaths)
QDir | temp()
QString | tempPath()
QString | toNativeSeparators(const QString &pathName)

## Related Non-Members

bool | operator!=(const QDir &lhs, const QDir &rhs)
bool | operator==(const QDir &lhs, const QDir &rhs)

## Detailed Description

A QDir is used to manipulate path names, access information regarding paths and files, and manipulate the underlying file system. It can also be used to access Qt's resource system.

Qt uses "/" as a universal directory separator in the same way that "/" is used as a path separator in URLs. If you always use "/" as a directory separator, Qt will translate your paths to conform to the underlying operating system.

A QDir can point to a file using either a relative or an absolute path. Absolute paths begin with the directory separator (optionally preceded by a drive specification under Windows). Relative file names begin with a directory name or a file name and specify a path relative to the current directory.

Examples of absolute paths:

     QDir("/home/user/Documents");
     QDir("C:/Users");

On Windows, the second example above will be translated to `C:\Users` when used to access files.

Examples of relative paths:

     QDir("images/landscape.png");

You can use the isRelative() or isAbsolute() functions to check if a QDir is using a relative or an absolute file path. Call makeAbsolute() to convert a relative QDir to an absolute one.

Note: Paths starting with a colon (:) are always considered absolute, as they denote a QResource.

### Navigation and Directory Operations

A directory's path can be obtained with the path() function, and a new path set with the setPath() function. The absolute path to a directory is found by calling absolutePath().

The name of a directory is found using the dirName() function. This typically returns the last element in the absolute path that specifies the location of the directory. However, it can also return "." if the QDir represents the current directory.

     QDir("Documents/Letters/Applications").dirName(); // "Applications"
     QDir().dirName();                                 // "."

The path for a directory can also be changed with the cd() and cdUp() functions, both of which operate like familiar shell commands. When cd() is called with the name of an existing directory, the QDir object changes directory so that it represents that directory instead. The cdUp() function changes the directory of the QDir object so that it refers to its parent directory; i.e. cd("..") is equivalent to cdUp().

Directories can be created with mkdir(), renamed with rename(), and removed with rmdir().

You can test for the presence of a directory with a given name by using exists(), and the properties of a directory can be tested with isReadable(), isAbsolute(), isRelative(), and isRoot().

The refresh() function re-reads the directory's data from disk.

### Files and Directory Contents

Directories contain a number of entries, representing files, directories, and symbolic links. The number of entries in a directory is returned by count(). A string list of the names of all the entries in a directory can be obtained with entryList(). If you need information about each entry, use entryInfoList() to obtain a list of QFileInfo objects.

Paths to files and directories within a directory can be constructed using filePath() and absoluteFilePath(). The filePath() function returns a path to the specified file or directory relative to the path of the QDir object; absoluteFilePath() returns an absolute path to the specified file or directory. Neither of these functions checks for the existence of files or directory; they only construct paths.

     QDir directory("Documents/Letters");
     QString path = directory.filePath("contents.txt");
     QString absolutePath = directory.absoluteFilePath("contents.txt");

Files can be removed by using the remove() function. Directories cannot be removed in the same way as files; use rmdir() to remove them instead.

It is possible to reduce the number of entries returned by entryList() and entryInfoList() by applying filters to a QDir object. You can apply a name filter to specify a pattern with wildcards that file names need to match, an attribute filter that selects properties of entries and can distinguish between files and directories, and a sort order.

Name filters are lists of strings that are passed to setNameFilters(). Attribute filters consist of a bitwise OR combination of Filters, and these are specified when calling setFilter(). The sort order is specified using setSorting() with a bitwise OR combination of SortFlags.

You can test to see if a filename matches a filter using the match() function.

Filter and sort order flags may also be specified when calling entryList() and entryInfoList() in order to override previously defined behavior.

### The Current Directory and Other Special Paths

Access to some common directories is provided with a number of static functions that return QDir objects. There are also corresponding functions for these that return strings:

QDir | QString | Return Value
--- | --- | ---
current() | currentPath() | The application's working directory
home() | homePath() | The user's home directory
root() | rootPath() | The root directory
temp() | tempPath() | The system's temporary directory

The setCurrent() static function can also be used to set the application's working directory.

If you want to find the directory containing the application's executable, see QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath().

The drives() static function provides a list of root directories for each device that contains a filing system. On Unix systems this returns a list containing a single root directory "/"; on Windows the list will usually contain `C:/`, and possibly other drive letters such as `D:/`, depending on the configuration of the user's system.

### Path Manipulation and Strings

Paths containing "." elements that reference the current directory at that point in the path, ".." elements that reference the parent directory, and symbolic links can be reduced to a canonical form using the canonicalPath() function.

Paths can also be simplified by using cleanPath() to remove redundant "/" and ".." elements.

It is sometimes necessary to be able to show a path in the native representation for the user's platform. The static toNativeSeparators() function returns a copy of the specified path in which each directory separator is replaced by the appropriate separator for the underlying operating system.

### Examples

Check if a directory exists:

     QDir dir("example");
     if (!dir.exists())
         qWarning("Cannot find the example directory");

(We could also use one of the static convenience functions QFileInfo::exists() or QFile::exists().)

Traversing directories and reading a file:

     QDir dir = QDir::root();                 // "/"
     if (!dir.cd("tmp")) {                    // "/tmp"
         qWarning("Cannot find the \"/tmp\" directory");
     } else {
         QFile file(dir.filePath("ex1.txt")); // "/tmp/ex1.txt"
         if (!file.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
             qWarning("Cannot create the file %s", qPrintable(file.fileName()));
     }

A program that lists all the files in the current directory (excluding symbolic links), sorted by size, smallest first:

     #include <QDir>
     #include <iostream>
     #include <QCoreApplication>

     int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     {
         QCoreApplication app(argc, argv);
         QDir dir;
         dir.setFilter(QDir::Files | QDir::Hidden | QDir::NoSymLinks);
         dir.setSorting(QDir::Size | QDir::Reversed);

         QFileInfoList list = dir.entryInfoList();
         std::cout << "     Bytes Filename" << std::endl;
         for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
             QFileInfo fileInfo = list.at(i);
             std::cout << qPrintable(QString("%1 %2").arg(fileInfo.size(), 10)
                                                     .arg(fileInfo.fileName()));
             std::cout << std::endl;
         }
         return 0;
     }

### Platform Specific Issues

On Android, some limitations apply when dealing with content URIs:

- Access permissions might be needed by prompting the user through the QFileDialog which implements Android's native file picker.
- Aim to follow the Scoped storage guidelines, such as using app specific directories instead of other public external directories. For more information, also see storage best practices.
- Due to the design of Qt APIs (e.g. QFile), it's not possible to fully integrate the latter APIs with Android's MediaStore APIs.

See also QFileInfo, QFile, QFileDialog, QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath(), and Fetch More Example.

## Member Type Documentation

### enum QDir::Filter
flags QDir::Filters

This enum describes the filtering options available to QDir; e.g. for entryList() and entryInfoList(). The filter value is specified by combining values from the following list using the bitwise OR operator:

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QDir::Dirs` | `0x001` | List directories that match the filters.
`QDir::AllDirs` | `0x400` | List all directories; i.e. don't apply the filters to directory names.
`QDir::Files` | `0x002` | List files.
`QDir::Drives` | `0x004` | List disk drives (ignored under Unix).
`QDir::NoSymLinks` | `0x008` | Do not list symbolic links (ignored by operating systems that don't support symbolic links).
`QDir::NoDotAndDotDot` | `NoDot | NoDotDot` | Do not list the special entries "." and "..".
`QDir::NoDot` | `0x2000` | Do not list the special entry ".".
`QDir::NoDotDot` | `0x4000` | Do not list the special entry "..".
`QDir::AllEntries` | `Dirs | Files | Drives` | List directories, files, drives and symlinks (this does not list broken symlinks unless you specify System).
`QDir::Readable` | `0x010` | List files for which the application has read access. The Readable value needs to be combined with Dirs or Files.
`QDir::Writable` | `0x020` | List files for which the application has write access. The Writable value needs to be combined with Dirs or Files.
`QDir::Executable` | `0x040` | List files for which the application has execute access. The Executable value needs to be combined with Dirs or Files.
`QDir::Hidden` | `0x100` | List hidden files (on Unix, files starting with a ".").
`QDir::System` | `0x200` | List system files (on Unix, FIFOs, sockets and device files are included; on Windows, `.lnk` files are included)
`QDir::CaseSensitive` | `0x800` | The filter should be case sensitive.

Functions that use Filter enum values to filter lists of files and directories will include symbolic links to files and directories unless you set the NoSymLinks value.

A default constructed QDir will not filter out files based on their permissions, so entryList() and entryInfoList() will return all files that are readable, writable, executable, or any combination of the three. This makes the default easy to write, and at the same time useful.

For example, setting the `Readable`, `Writable`, and `Files` flags allows all files to be listed for which the application has read access, write access or both. If the `Dirs` and `Drives` flags are also included in this combination then all drives, directories, all files that the application can read, write, or execute, and symlinks to such files/directories can be listed.

To retrieve the permissions for a directory, use the entryInfoList() function to get the associated QFileInfo objects and then use the QFileInfo::permissions() to obtain the permissions and ownership for each file.

The Filters type is a typedef for QFlags<Filter>. It stores an OR combination of Filter values.

### enum QDir::SortFlag
flags QDir::SortFlags

This enum describes the sort options available to QDir, e.g. for entryList() and entryInfoList(). The sort value is specified by OR-ing together values from the following list:

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QDir::Name` | `0x00` | Sort by name.
`QDir::Time` | `0x01` | Sort by time (modification time).
`QDir::Size` | `0x02` | Sort by file size.
`QDir::Type` | `0x80` | Sort by file type (extension).
`QDir::Unsorted` | `0x03` | Do not sort.
`QDir::NoSort` | `-1` | Not sorted by default.
`QDir::DirsFirst` | `0x04` | Put the directories first, then the files.
`QDir::DirsLast` | `0x20` | Put the files first, then the directories.
`QDir::Reversed` | `0x08` | Reverse the sort order.
`QDir::IgnoreCase` | `0x10` | Sort case-insensitively.
`QDir::LocaleAware` | `0x40` | Sort items appropriately using the current locale settings.

You can only specify one of the first four.

If you specify both DirsFirst and Reversed, directories are still put first, but in reverse order; the files will be listed after the directories, again in reverse order.

The SortFlags type is a typedef for QFlags<SortFlag>. It stores an OR combination of SortFlag values.

## Member Function Documentation

### QDir::QDir(const QString &path = QString())

Constructs a QDir pointing to the given directory path. If path is empty the program's working directory, ("."), is used.

See also currentPath().

### `[since 6.0]` QDir::QDir(const std::filesystem::path &path)

Constructs a QDir pointing to the given directory path. If path is empty the program's working directory, ("."), is used.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

See also currentPath().

### QDir::QDir(const QString &path, const QString &nameFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = SortFlags(Name | IgnoreCase), QDir::Filters filters = AllEntries)

Constructs a QDir with path path, that filters its entries by name using nameFilter and by attributes using filters. It also sorts the names using sort.

The default nameFilter is an empty string, which excludes nothing; the default filters is AllEntries, which also excludes nothing. The default sort is Name | IgnoreCase, i.e. sort by name case-insensitively.

If path is an empty string, QDir uses "." (the current directory). If nameFilter is an empty string, QDir uses the name filter "*" (all files).

Note: path need not exist.

See also exists(), setPath(), setNameFilters(), setFilter(), and setSorting().

### `[since 6.0]` QDir::QDir(const std::filesystem::path &path, const QString &nameFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = SortFlags(Name | IgnoreCase), QDir::Filters filters = AllEntries)

Constructs a QDir with path path, that filters its entries by name using nameFilter and by attributes using filters. It also sorts the names using sort.

The default nameFilter is an empty string, which excludes nothing; the default filters is AllEntries, which also excludes nothing. The default sort is Name | IgnoreCase, i.e. sort by name case-insensitively.

If path is empty, QDir uses "." (the current directory). If nameFilter is an empty string, QDir uses the name filter "*" (all files).

Note: path need not exist.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

See also exists(), setPath(), setNameFilters(), setFilter(), and setSorting().

### QDir::QDir(const QDir &dir)

Constructs a QDir object that is a copy of the QDir object for directory dir.

See also operator=().

### `[noexcept]` QDir::~QDir()

Destroys the QDir object frees up its resources. This has no effect on the underlying directory in the file system.

### QString QDir::absoluteFilePath(const QString &fileName) const

Returns the absolute path name of a file in the directory. Does not check if the file actually exists in the directory; but see exists(). Redundant multiple separators or "." and ".." directories in fileName are not removed (see cleanPath()).

See also relativeFilePath(), filePath(), and canonicalPath().

### QString QDir::absolutePath() const

Returns the absolute path (a path that starts with "/" or with a drive specification), which may contain symbolic links, but never contains redundant ".", ".." or multiple separators.

See also setPath(), canonicalPath(), exists(), cleanPath(), dirName(), and absoluteFilePath().

### `[static]` void QDir::addSearchPath(const QString &prefix, const QString &path)

Adds path to the search path for prefix.

See also setSearchPaths().

### `[static, since 6.0]` void QDir::addSearchPath(const QString &prefix, const std::filesystem::path &path)

This is an overloaded function.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

### QString QDir::canonicalPath() const

Returns the canonical path, i.e. a path without symbolic links or redundant "." or ".." elements.

On systems that do not have symbolic links this function will always return the same string that absolutePath() returns. If the canonical path does not exist (normally due to dangling symbolic links) canonicalPath() returns an empty string.

Example:

     QString bin = "/local/bin";         // where /local/bin is a symlink to /usr/bin
     QDir binDir(bin);
     QString canonicalBin = binDir.canonicalPath();
     // canonicalBin now equals "/usr/bin"

     QString ls = "/local/bin/ls";       // where ls is the executable "ls"
     QDir lsDir(ls);
     QString canonicalLs = lsDir.canonicalPath();
     // canonicalLS now equals "/usr/bin/ls".

See also path(), absolutePath(), exists(), cleanPath(), dirName(), and absoluteFilePath().

### bool QDir::cd(const QString &dirName)

Changes the QDir's directory to dirName.

Returns `true` if the new directory exists; otherwise returns `false`. Note that the logical cd() operation is not performed if the new directory does not exist.

Calling cd("..") is equivalent to calling cdUp().

See also cdUp(), isReadable(), exists(), and path().

### bool QDir::cdUp()

Changes directory by moving one directory up from the QDir's current directory.

Returns `true` if the new directory exists; otherwise returns `false`. Note that the logical cdUp() operation is not performed if the new directory does not exist.

Note: On Android, this is not supported for content URIs. For more information, see DocumentFile.getParentFile().

See also cd(), isReadable(), exists(), and path().

### `[static]` QString QDir::cleanPath(const QString &path)

Returns path with directory separators normalized (that is, platform-native separators converted to "/") and redundant ones removed, and "."s and ".."s resolved (as far as possible).

Symbolic links are kept. This function does not return the canonical path, but rather the simplest version of the input. For example, "./local" becomes "local", "local/../bin" becomes "bin" and "/local/usr/../bin" becomes "/local/bin".

See also absolutePath() and canonicalPath().

### qsizetype QDir::count() const

Returns the total number of directories and files in the directory.

Equivalent to entryList().count().

Note: In Qt versions prior to 6.5, this function returned `uint`, not `qsizetype`.

See also operator[]() and entryList().

### `[static]` QDir QDir::current()

Returns the application's current directory.

The directory is constructed using the absolute path of the current directory, ensuring that its path() will be the same as its absolutePath().

See also currentPath(), setCurrent(), home(), root(), and temp().

### `[static]` QString QDir::currentPath()

Returns the absolute path of the application's current directory. The current directory is the last directory set with QDir::setCurrent() or, if that was never called, the directory at which this application was started at by the parent process.

See also current(), setCurrent(), homePath(), rootPath(), tempPath(), and QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath().

### QString QDir::dirName() const

Returns the name of the directory; this is not the same as the path, e.g. a directory with the name "mail", might have the path "/var/spool/mail". If the directory has no name (e.g. it is the root directory) an empty string is returned.

No check is made to ensure that a directory with this name actually exists; but see exists().

See also path(), filePath(), absolutePath(), and absoluteFilePath().

### `[static]` QFileInfoList QDir::drives()

Returns a list of the root directories on this system.

On Windows this returns a list of QFileInfo objects containing "C:/", "D:/", etc. This does not return drives with ejectable media that are empty. On other operating systems, it returns a list containing just one root directory (i.e. "/").

See also root() and rootPath().

### QFileInfoList QDir::entryInfoList(const QStringList &nameFilters, QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const

Returns a list of QFileInfo objects for all the files and directories in the directory, ordered according to the name and attribute filters previously set with setNameFilters() and setFilter(), and sorted according to the flags set with setSorting().

The name filter, file attribute filter, and sorting specification can be overridden using the nameFilters, filters, and sort arguments.

Returns an empty list if the directory is unreadable, does not exist, or if nothing matches the specification.

See also entryList(), setNameFilters(), setSorting(), setFilter(), isReadable(), and exists().

### QFileInfoList QDir::entryInfoList(QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const

Returns a list of QFileInfo objects for all the files and directories in the directory, ordered according to the name and attribute filters previously set with setNameFilters() and setFilter(), and sorted according to the flags set with setSorting().

The attribute filter and sorting specifications can be overridden using the filters and sort arguments.

Returns an empty list if the directory is unreadable, does not exist, or if nothing matches the specification.

This is an overloaded function.

See also entryList(), setNameFilters(), setSorting(), setFilter(), isReadable(), and exists().

### QStringList QDir::entryList(const QStringList &nameFilters, QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const

Returns a list of the names of all the files and directories in the directory, ordered according to the name and attribute filters previously set with setNameFilters() and setFilter(), and sorted according to the flags set with setSorting().

The name filter, file attribute filter, and sorting specification can be overridden using the nameFilters, filters, and sort arguments.

Returns an empty list if the directory is unreadable, does not exist, or if nothing matches the specification.

See also entryInfoList(), setNameFilters(), setSorting(), and setFilter().

### QStringList QDir::entryList(QDir::Filters filters = NoFilter, QDir::SortFlags sort = NoSort) const

Returns a list of the names of all the files and directories in the directory, ordered according to the name and attribute filters previously set with setNameFilters() and setFilter(), and sorted according to the flags set with setSorting().

The attribute filter and sorting specifications can be overridden using the filters and sort arguments.

Returns an empty list if the directory is unreadable, does not exist, or if nothing matches the specification.

Note: To list symlinks that point to non existing files, System must be passed to the filter.

This is an overloaded function.

See also entryInfoList(), setNameFilters(), setSorting(), and setFilter().

### bool QDir::exists(const QString &name) const

Returns `true` if the file called name exists; otherwise returns false.

Unless name contains an absolute file path, the file name is assumed to be relative to the directory itself, so this function is typically used to check for the presence of files within a directory.

See also QFileInfo::exists() and QFile::exists().

### bool QDir::exists() const

Returns `true` if the directory exists; otherwise returns `false`. (If a file with the same name is found this function will return false).

The overload of this function that accepts an argument is used to test for the presence of files and directories within a directory.

This is an overloaded function.

See also QFileInfo::exists() and QFile::exists().

### QString QDir::filePath(const QString &fileName) const

Returns the path name of a file in the directory. Does not check if the file actually exists in the directory; but see exists(). If the QDir is relative the returned path name will also be relative. Redundant multiple separators or "." and ".." directories in fileName are not removed (see cleanPath()).

See also dirName(), absoluteFilePath(), isRelative(), and canonicalPath().

### `[since 6.0]` std::filesystem::path QDir::filesystemAbsolutePath() const

Returns absolutePath() as `std::filesystem::path`.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

See also absolutePath().

### `[since 6.0]` std::filesystem::path QDir::filesystemCanonicalPath() const

Returns canonicalPath() as `std::filesystem::path`.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

See also canonicalPath().

### `[since 6.0]` std::filesystem::path QDir::filesystemPath() const

Returns path() as `std::filesystem::path`.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

See also path().

### QDir::Filters QDir::filter() const

Returns the value set by setFilter()

See also setFilter().

### `[static]` QString QDir::fromNativeSeparators(const QString &pathName)

Returns pathName using '/' as file separator. On Windows, for instance, fromNativeSeparators("`c:\\winnt\\system32`") returns "c:/winnt/system32".

The returned string may be the same as the argument on some operating systems, for example on Unix.

See also toNativeSeparators() and separator().

### `[static]` QDir QDir::home()

Returns the user's home directory.

The directory is constructed using the absolute path of the home directory, ensuring that its path() will be the same as its absolutePath().

See homePath() for details.

See also drives(), current(), root(), and temp().

### `[static]` QString QDir::homePath()

Returns the absolute path of the user's home directory.

Under Windows this function will return the directory of the current user's profile. Typically, this is:

     C:/Users/Username

Use the toNativeSeparators() function to convert the separators to the ones that are appropriate for the underlying operating system.

If the directory of the current user's profile does not exist or cannot be retrieved, the following alternatives will be checked (in the given order) until an existing and available path is found:

1. The path specified by the `USERPROFILE` environment variable.
2. The path formed by concatenating the `HOMEDRIVE` and `HOMEPATH` environment variables.
3. The path specified by the `HOME` environment variable.
4. The path returned by the rootPath() function (which uses the `SystemDrive` environment variable)
5. The `C:/` directory.

Under non-Windows operating systems the `HOME` environment variable is used if it exists, otherwise the path returned by the rootPath().

See also home(), currentPath(), rootPath(), and tempPath().

### bool QDir::isAbsolute() const

Returns `true` if the directory's path is absolute; otherwise returns `false`. See isAbsolutePath().

Note: Paths starting with a colon (:) are always considered absolute, as they denote a QResource.

See also isRelative(), makeAbsolute(), and cleanPath().

### `[static]` bool QDir::isAbsolutePath(const QString &path)

Returns `true` if path is absolute; returns `false` if it is relative.

Note: Paths starting with a colon (:) are always considered absolute, as they denote a QResource.

See also isAbsolute(), isRelativePath(), makeAbsolute(), cleanPath(), and QResource.

### bool QDir::isEmpty(QDir::Filters filters = Filters(AllEntries | NoDotAndDotDot)) const

Returns whether the directory is empty.

Equivalent to `count() == 0` with filters `QDir::AllEntries | QDir::NoDotAndDotDot`, but faster as it just checks whether the directory contains at least one entry.

Note: Unless you set the filters flags to include `QDir::NoDotAndDotDot` (as the default value does), no directory is empty.

See also count(), entryList(), and setFilter().

### bool QDir::isReadable() const

Returns `true` if the directory is readable and we can open files by name; otherwise returns `false`.

Warning: A false value from this function is not a guarantee that files in the directory are not accessible.

See also QFileInfo::isReadable().

### bool QDir::isRelative() const

Returns `true` if the directory path is relative; otherwise returns false. (Under Unix a path is relative if it does not start with a "/").

Note: Paths starting with a colon (:) are always considered absolute, as they denote a QResource.

See also makeAbsolute(), isAbsolute(), isAbsolutePath(), and cleanPath().

### `[static]` bool QDir::isRelativePath(const QString &path)

Returns `true` if path is relative; returns `false` if it is absolute.

Note: Paths starting with a colon (:) are always considered absolute, as they denote a QResource.

See also isRelative(), isAbsolutePath(), and makeAbsolute().

### bool QDir::isRoot() const

Returns `true` if the directory is the root directory; otherwise returns `false`.

Note: If the directory is a symbolic link to the root directory this function returns `false`. If you want to test for this use canonicalPath(), e.g.

     QDir dir("/tmp/root_link");
     dir = dir.canonicalPath();
     if (dir.isRoot())
         qWarning("It is a root link");

See also root() and rootPath().

### `[static constexpr noexcept]` QChar QDir::listSeparator()

Returns the native path list separator: ':' under Unix and ';' under Windows.

See also separator().

### bool QDir::makeAbsolute()

Converts the directory path to an absolute path. If it is already absolute nothing happens. Returns `true` if the conversion succeeded; otherwise returns `false`.

See also isAbsolute(), isAbsolutePath(), isRelative(), and cleanPath().

### `[static]` bool QDir::match(const QString &filter, const QString &fileName)

Returns `true` if the fileName matches the wildcard (glob) pattern filter; otherwise returns `false`. The filter may contain multiple patterns separated by spaces or semicolons. The matching is case insensitive.

See also QRegularExpression::fromWildcard(), entryList(), and entryInfoList().

### `[static]` bool QDir::match(const QStringList &filters, const QString &fileName)

Returns `true` if the fileName matches any of the wildcard (glob) patterns in the list of filters; otherwise returns `false`. The matching is case insensitive.

This is an overloaded function.

See also QRegularExpression::fromWildcard(), entryList(), and entryInfoList().

### bool QDir::mkdir(const QString &dirName, std::optional<QFileDevice::Permissions> permissions = std::nullopt) const

Creates a sub-directory called dirName with the given permissions.

If permissions is `std::nullopt` (the default) this function will set the default permissions.

Returns `true` on success; returns `false` if the operation failed or dirName already existed.

If dirName already existed, this method won't change its permissions.

On POSIX systems permissions are modified by the `umask` (file creation mask) of the current process, which means some permission bits might be disabled.

On Windows, by default, a new directory inherits its permissions from its parent directory. permissions are emulated using ACLs. These ACLs may be in non-canonical order when the group is granted less permissions than others. Files and directories with such permissions will generate warnings when the Security tab of the Properties dialog is opened. Granting the group all permissions granted to others avoids such warnings.

Note: Qt 6.10 added the permissions parameter. To get the old behavior (using the default platform-specific permissions) of `mkdir(const QString &)` set permissions to `std::nullopt` (the default). This new method also transparently replaces the `mkdir(const QString &, QFile::Permissions)` overload.

See also rmdir(), mkpath(), and rmpath().

### bool QDir::mkpath(const QString &dirPath, std::optional<QFileDevice::Permissions> permissions = std::nullopt) const

Creates a directory named dirPath.

If dirPath doesn't already exist, this method will create it - along with any nonexistent parent directories - with permissions.

If dirPath already existed, this method won't change its permissions; the same goes for any already existing parent directories.

If permissions is `std::nullopt` (the default value) this function will set the default permissions.

Returns `true` on success or if dirPath already existed; otherwise returns `false`.

On POSIX systems permissions are modified by the `umask` (file creation mask) of the current process, which means some permission bits might be disabled.

On Windows, by default, a new directory inherits its permissions from its parent directory. permissions are emulated using ACLs. These ACLs may be in non-canonical order when the group is granted less permissions than others. Files and directories with such permissions will generate warnings when the Security tab of the Properties dialog is opened. Granting the group all permissions granted to others avoids such warnings.

Note: Qt 6.10 added the permissions parameter. To get the old behavior (using the default platform-specific permissions) of `mkpath(const QString &)` set permissions to `std::nullopt` (the default).

See also rmpath(), mkdir(), and rmdir().

### QStringList QDir::nameFilters() const

Returns the string list set by setNameFilters()

See also setNameFilters().

### QString QDir::path() const

Returns the path. This may contain symbolic links, but never contains redundant ".", ".." or multiple separators.

The returned path can be either absolute or relative (see setPath()).

See also setPath(), absolutePath(), exists(), cleanPath(), dirName(), absoluteFilePath(), toNativeSeparators(), and makeAbsolute().

### void QDir::refresh() const

Refreshes the directory information.

### QString QDir::relativeFilePath(const QString &fileName) const

Returns the path to fileName relative to the directory.

     QDir dir("/home/bob");
     QString s;

     s = dir.relativeFilePath("images/file.jpg");     // s is "images/file.jpg"
     s = dir.relativeFilePath("/home/mary/file.txt"); // s is "../mary/file.txt"

See also absoluteFilePath(), filePath(), and canonicalPath().

### bool QDir::remove(const QString &fileName)

Removes the file, fileName.

Returns `true` if the file is removed successfully; otherwise returns `false`.

### bool QDir::removeRecursively()

Removes the directory, including all its contents.

Returns `true` if successful, otherwise false.

If a file or directory cannot be removed, removeRecursively() keeps going and attempts to delete as many files and sub-directories as possible, then returns `false`.

If the directory was already removed, the method returns `true` (expected result already reached).

Note: This function is meant for removing a small application-internal directory (such as a temporary directory), but not user-visible directories. For user-visible operations, it is rather recommended to report errors more precisely to the user, to offer solutions in case of errors, to show progress during the deletion since it could take several minutes, etc.

### bool QDir::rename(const QString &oldName, const QString &newName)

Renames a file or directory from oldName to newName, and returns true if successful; otherwise returns `false`.

On most file systems, rename() fails only if oldName does not exist, or if a file with the new name already exists. However, there are also other reasons why rename() can fail. For example, on at least one file system rename() fails if newName points to an open file.

If oldName is a file (not a directory) that can't be renamed right away, Qt will try to copy oldName to newName and remove oldName.

See also QFile::rename().

### bool QDir::rmdir(const QString &dirName) const

Removes the directory specified by dirName.

The directory must be empty for rmdir() to succeed.

Returns `true` if successful; otherwise returns `false`.

See also mkdir().

### bool QDir::rmpath(const QString &dirPath) const

Removes the directory path dirPath.

The function will remove all parent directories in dirPath, provided that they are empty. This is the opposite of mkpath(dirPath).

Returns `true` if successful; otherwise returns `false`.

See also mkpath().

### `[static]` QDir QDir::root()

Returns the root directory.

The directory is constructed using the absolute path of the root directory, ensuring that its path() will be the same as its absolutePath().

See rootPath() for details.

See also drives(), current(), home(), and temp().

### `[static]` QString QDir::rootPath()

Returns the absolute path of the root directory.

For Unix operating systems this returns "/". For Windows file systems this normally returns "c:/".

See also root(), drives(), currentPath(), homePath(), and tempPath().

### `[static]` QStringList QDir::searchPaths(const QString &prefix)

Returns the search paths for prefix.

See also setSearchPaths() and addSearchPath().

### `[static]` QChar QDir::separator()

Returns the native directory separator: "/" under Unix and "\" under Windows.

You do not need to use this function to build file paths. If you always use "/", Qt will translate your paths to conform to the underlying operating system. If you want to display paths to the user using their operating system's separator use toNativeSeparators().

See also listSeparator().

### `[static]` bool QDir::setCurrent(const QString &path)

Sets the application's current working directory to path. Returns `true` if the directory was successfully changed; otherwise returns `false`.

     QString absolute = "/local/bin";
     QString relative = "local/bin";
     QFileInfo absFile(absolute);
     QFileInfo relFile(relative);

     QDir::setCurrent(QDir::rootPath());
     // absFile and relFile now point to the same file

     QDir::setCurrent("/tmp");
     // absFile now points to "/local/bin",
     // while relFile points to "/tmp/local/bin"

See also current(), currentPath(), home(), root(), and temp().

### void QDir::setFilter(QDir::Filters filters)

Sets the filter used by entryList() and entryInfoList() to filters. The filter is used to specify the kind of files that should be returned by entryList() and entryInfoList(). See QDir::Filter.

See also filter() and setNameFilters().

### void QDir::setNameFilters(const QStringList &nameFilters)

Sets the name filters used by entryList() and entryInfoList() to the list of filters specified by nameFilters.

Each name filter is a wildcard (globbing) filter that understands `*` and `?` wildcards. See QRegularExpression::fromWildcard().

For example, the following code sets three name filters on a QDir to ensure that only files with extensions typically used for C++ source files are listed:

         QStringList filters;
         filters << "*.cpp" << "*.cxx" << "*.cc";
         dir.setNameFilters(filters);

See also nameFilters() and setFilter().

### void QDir::setPath(const QString &path)

Sets the path of the directory to path. The path is cleaned of redundant ".", ".." and of multiple separators. No check is made to see whether a directory with this path actually exists; but you can check for yourself using exists().

The path can be either absolute or relative. Absolute paths begin with the directory separator "/" (optionally preceded by a drive specification under Windows). Relative file names begin with a directory name or a file name and specify a path relative to the current directory. An example of an absolute path is the string "/tmp/quartz", a relative path might look like "src/fatlib".

See also path(), absolutePath(), exists(), cleanPath(), dirName(), absoluteFilePath(), isRelative(), and makeAbsolute().

### `[since 6.0]` void QDir::setPath(const std::filesystem::path &path)

This is an overloaded function.

This function was introduced in Qt 6.0.

### `[static]` void QDir::setSearchPaths(const QString &prefix, const QStringList &searchPaths)

Sets or replaces Qt's search paths for file names with the prefix prefix to searchPaths.

To specify a prefix for a file name, prepend the prefix followed by a single colon (e.g., "images:undo.png", "xmldocs:books.xml"). prefix can only contain letters or numbers (e.g., it cannot contain a colon, nor a slash).

Qt uses this search path to locate files with a known prefix. The search path entries are tested in order, starting with the first entry.

     QDir::setSearchPaths("icons", QStringList(QDir::homePath() + "/images"));
     QDir::setSearchPaths("docs", QStringList(":/embeddedDocuments"));
     //...
     QPixmap pixmap("icons:undo.png"); // will look for undo.png in QDir::homePath() + "/images"
     QFile file("docs:design.odf"); // will look in the :/embeddedDocuments resource path

File name prefix must be at least 2 characters long to avoid conflicts with Windows drive letters.

Search paths may contain paths to The Qt Resource System.

See also searchPaths().

### void QDir::setSorting(QDir::SortFlags sort)

Sets the sort order used by entryList() and entryInfoList().

The sort is specified by OR-ing values from the enum QDir::SortFlag.

See also sorting() and SortFlag.

### QDir::SortFlags QDir::sorting() const

Returns the value set by setSorting()

See also setSorting() and SortFlag.

### `[noexcept]` void QDir::swap(QDir &other)

Swaps this QDir instance with other. This operation is very fast and never fails.

### `[static]` QDir QDir::temp()

Returns the system's temporary directory.

The directory is constructed using the absolute canonical path of the temporary directory, ensuring that its path() will be the same as its absolutePath().

See tempPath() for details.

See also drives(), current(), home(), and root().

### `[static]` QString QDir::tempPath()

Returns the absolute canonical path of the system's temporary directory.

On Unix/Linux systems this is the path in the `TMPDIR` environment variable or `/tmp` if `TMPDIR` is not defined. On Windows this is usually the path in the `TEMP` or `TMP` environment variable. The path returned by this method doesn't end with a directory separator unless it is the root directory (of a drive).

See also temp(), currentPath(), homePath(), and rootPath().

### `[static]` QString QDir::toNativeSeparators(const QString &pathName)

Returns pathName with the '/' separators converted to separators that are appropriate for the underlying operating system.

On Windows, toNativeSeparators("c:/winnt/system32") returns "c:\winnt\system32".

The returned string may be the same as the argument on some operating systems, for example on Unix.

See also fromNativeSeparators() and separator().

### `[noexcept]` QDir &QDir::operator=(QDir &&other)

Move-assigns other to this QDir instance.

### QDir &QDir::operator=(const QDir &dir)

Makes a copy of the dir object and assigns it to this QDir object.

### QString QDir::operator[](qsizetype pos) const

Returns the file name at position pos in the list of file names. Equivalent to entryList().at(index). pos must be a valid index position in the list (i.e., 0 <= pos < count()).

Note: In Qt versions prior to 6.5, pos was an `int`, not `qsizetype`.

See also count() and entryList().

## Related Non-Members

### `[noexcept]` bool operator!=(const QDir &lhs, const QDir &rhs)

Returns `true` if directory lhs and directory rhs have different paths or different sort or filter settings; otherwise returns `false`.

Example:

     // The current directory is "/usr/local"
     QDir d1("/usr/local/bin");
     d1.setFilter(QDir::Executable);
     QDir d2("bin");
     if (d1 != d2)
         qDebug("They differ");

### `[noexcept]` bool operator==(const QDir &lhs, const QDir &rhs)

Returns `true` if directory lhs and directory rhs have the same path and their sort and filter settings are the same; otherwise returns `false`.

Example:

     // The current directory is "/usr/local"
     QDir d1("/usr/local/bin");
     QDir d2("bin");
     if (d1 == d2)
         qDebug("They're the same");