Index

C

C shell, Shell types
camera
mounting, Backups on/from jazz drives, USB devices and other removables
cancel, Removing jobs from the print queue
cardctl, PCMCIA commands
cat, The commands, “less is more”
syntax, The most important configuration files
cd, The commands
CD
audio CD playing, CD playing and copying
audio CD ripping, CD playing and copying
eject, Ejecting the CD
using, Using the CD
CD burning
command line tools, Making a copy with a CD-writer
graphical tools, Making a copy with a CD-writer
CD images
mkisofs example, Making a copy with a CD-writer
cdp, CD playing and copying
cdparanoia, CD playing and copying
cdplay, CD playing and copying
cdrecord, Making a copy with a CD-writer
cdrom, The most common devices
character encoding, Language
chgrp, Changing user and group ownership
example, Changing user and group ownership
chkconfig, Tools
chmod, The chmod command
example, The chmod command
chown, Logging on to another group, Changing user and group ownership
example, Changing user and group ownership
restrictions, Changing user and group ownership
syntax, Changing user and group ownership
coloured ls output, Sorts of files
command name completion
, Using Bash features
commands
aliases, Which
arguments, General remarks
basics, The commands
built-ins, Exceptions
entering, General remarks
finding, Which
multiple man pages, The man pages
not found, Which
options, General remarks
remote execution, Introduction
synopsis, The man pages
configuration files
, The most important configuration files
console, The most common devices
copy interactively, Removing files
coreutils, More about ls
cp, Copying files
cron, Use that idle time!
crontab syntax, Cron and crontab
edit crontab, Cron and crontab
run-parts, Cron and crontab
Vixie cron, Cron and crontab
cron.*, The most important configuration files
cron.d, Cron and crontab
crontab, The most important configuration files, Cron and crontab
example, Cron and crontab
csh, Shell types
Ctrl, Using Bash features
cua, The most common devices
CUPS, General
Cygwin, Cygwin

E

echo, The path, Exporting variables
example, Your home directory
EDITOR, Reserved variables
editors
emacs, GNU Emacs
graphical editors, But I want a graphical text editor!
text editor overview, Which editor should I use?
vim, Vi(m)
why?, Why should I use an editor?
EGID, Process attributes
emacs, GNU Emacs
encryption
creating encrypted files, Encrypt data
decrypting, Decrypting files
export public key, About your key
fingerprint, About your key
generate keys, Generate a key
GnuPG, GNU Privacy Guard
key ID, About your key
searching keys, About your key
why?, Why should you encrypt data?
environment
graphical, Introduction
organization, Introduction
show variables, General
escape characters, Special characters
etc, Visual, The most important configuration files
EUID, Process attributes
example, Process attributes
exec, Services
exit, The commands
exit status, Ending processes
export, Exporting variables

F

fd, The most common devices
fdformat, Formatting the floppy
fdisk, Partition layout and types
fetchmail, Mail user-agents
fg, Interactive processes
file, The commands, More tools, General
example, More tools
file descriptors
examples, Use of file descriptors, Analyzing errors
overview, Use of file descriptors
file managers
overview, Making a mess...
file name completion
, Using Bash features
file permissions
codes, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense
display, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense
overview, The chmod command
setting, The chmod command
SGID, Special modes, SUID and SGID
special modes, Special modes
SUID, Special modes, SUID and SGID
file system
hierarchy, Visual
layout, Visual
orientation, The path
file types
colours, More about ls
determining, More tools
suffixes, More about ls
files
abstraction, General
change ownership recursively, Changing user and group ownership
changing ownership, Changing user and group ownership
compressing, Compressing and unpacking with gzip or bzip2
concept, General
copying, Copying files
core dumps, Limit file sizes
decrypting, Decrypting files
display permissions, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense
emptying, Emptying files
encrypting, Encrypt data
limit size, Limit file sizes
linking, Link types
list of types, Sorts of files
logging, Log files
logs, More about log files
mask, The file mask
moving, Moving files
music files, mp3 files
naming conventions, Creating directories
properties, More about ls
removing, Removing files
renaming, Moving files
searching, Find and locate
searching content, General line filtering
security, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense
sharing in a group, Special modes
size, Find and locate, Filtering output
structure, General
types, Sorts of files
uncompressing, Compressing and unpacking with gzip or bzip2
filesystems, The most important configuration files
filtering
grep, More about grep
sort, Filtering output
find, Find and locate
example, Find and locate
finding files
find, Find and locate
locate, Find and locate
using the shell, Using shell features
fingerprint, About your key
fonts
configuration, Fonts
fork-and-exec, Process creation
formail, Mail user-agents
fstab, Mount points, The most important configuration files, Backups on/from jazz drives, USB devices and other removables
FTP
clients, FTP clients
secure FTP, FTP clients
servers, FTP servers
ftp, FTP clients
ftp*, The most important configuration files
ftp_proxy, Proxy configuration

I

I/O redirection
append output, The >> operator
combining, Combining redirections
emptying files, Output redirection with > and |
null command, Emptying files
prevent overwrite, Output redirection with > and |
printing, Getting the file to the printer
saving output in a file, Output redirection with > and |
splitting stdout and stderr, Separating standard output from standard error
write to stdout and file, Writing to output and files simultaneously
id, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense, Logging on to another group
ifconfig, The ip command
IMAP, Remote mail servers
inetd, (x)inetd
inetd.conf, The most important configuration files, (x)inetd
info, The commands, The Info pages
example, The Info pages
info info, The Info pages
Info pages, The Info pages
info pages
browsing, The Info pages
init, Process creation, Init
kill scripts, Init
run levels, Init run levels
start scripts, Init
SysV/BSD, Init
init scripts
administration, Tools
init.d, Tools
initrd, Visual
inittab, The most important configuration files, Init
inode
definition, The file system in reality
stored information, The file system in reality
input
default input, What are standard input and standard output?
redirection, Input redirection
standard input, What are standard input and standard output?
INPUTRC, Reserved variables
inputrc, Fonts
insserv, Tools
installing software
package managers, Linux and GNU
Internet Protocol, TCP/IP
iostat, I/O resources
ip, The ip command
ir, The most common devices
ISC, The Domain Name System
isdn, The most common devices
issue, The most important configuration files

L

LANG, Reserved variables, Language
LANGUAGE, Language
LBA, GRUB features
ld.so.conf, The most important configuration files
LDAP, LDAP
LD_LIBRARY_PATH, Reserved variables
less, “less is more”
pager for man, The man pages
less-than, Input redirection
lib, Visual
LILO, Introduction
lilo.conf, The most important configuration files
links
creating, Creating symbolic links
definition, Sorts of files
hard links, Link types
inodes, Link types
mechanism, Link types
saving space, Save space with a link
symbolic links, Link types
types, Link types
usage, Creating symbolic links
user-space link, Link types
Linus
creator, Linus and Linux
Linux
advantages, Linux Pros
applications, Current application of Linux systems
bugs, Linux Pros
disadvantages, Linux Cons
distributions, Linux and GNU
ease of use, Linux for non-experienced users
free, Linux Pros
goals, Linus and Linux
origin, UNIX
portability, Linux Pros
properties, Linux Pros
robustness, Linux Pros
scalability, Linux Pros
security, Linux Pros
user interface, Is Linux difficult?
ln, Creating symbolic links
load, Load
loadkeys, Keyboard setup
localhost, /etc/hosts
locate, Find and locate
log files
syslog, The most common variable files
login, Shell setup files
authentication, Introduction
graphical, Graphical mode
language configuration, Language
root, Graphical mode
text mode, Text mode
LOGNAME, Reserved variables
logout, Text mode
graphical, Graphical mode
logrotate.*, The most important configuration files
lost+found, Visual
lp, The most common devices, Getting the file to the printer
lpq, Status of your print jobs
lpr, Getting the file to the printer
lprm, Removing jobs from the print queue
lpstat, Status of your print jobs
ls, The commands, General remarks, Sorts of files, More about ls, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense
coloured output, More about ls
example, More about ls

O

office suites
overview, History
office suits
best practice, General use of office documents
history, History
Open Source
achievements, Open Source
community, Ten years of experience at your service
other projects, Ten years of experience at your service
reliability, Linux Cons
what is it?, Open Source
OpenOffice.org, History
opt, Visual
options
--help, The --help option
long options, General remarks
OS, General, Reserved variables
OSI Model, The OSI Model
OSTYPE, Reserved variables
output
default output, What are standard input and standard output?
redirection with >, Output redirection with > and |
redirection with |, Output redirection with > and |
standard output, What are standard input and standard output?

P

packages
APT, APT
DEB, What are Debian packages?
install from CD, Mounting a CD
install RPM, RPM examples
kernel, Upgrading your kernel
RPM, What is RPM?
source, Source packages
Update Agent, Systems using RPM packages
updates, General remarks
URPMI, Systems using RPM packages
YaST, Systems using RPM packages
YOU, Systems using RPM packages
yum, Systems using RPM packages
PAGER, Reserved variables
PAM, PAM
pam.d, The most important configuration files
par, The most common devices
partitions
creation, Partition layout and types
file system, The file system in reality
layout, Partition layout and types
mount points, Mount points
root partition, Partition layout and types, Mount points
server layout, Partition layout and types
swap, Partition layout and types
types, Partition layout and types
var partition, The most common variable files
why?, Why partition?
workstation layout, Partition layout and types
passwd, The commands, Shell types, The most important configuration files, Logging on to another group, SUID and SGID, Traditional
PATH, The path, Reserved variables
configuration, The path, Which
example, The path
paths
examples, Absolute and relative paths
types, Absolute and relative paths
pccardctl, PCMCIA commands
performance, Performance
pg, “less is more”
pgrep, Displaying process information
PID, Process attributes
ping, The ping command
pipe, Output redirection with > and |
piping
examples, Output redirection with > and |
POP3, Remote mail servers
Postfix, Servers
power button, Text mode
power off, Text mode
PPID, Process attributes
prefdm, Init
printcap, The most important configuration files
printenv, General
printers
choosing, Buying a printer for Linux
PostScript, Buying a printer for Linux
printer configuration, Graphical printer configuration
printing
CUPS, General
formatting tools, Tools and languages
languages overview, Tools and languages
lp/lpr, Getting the file to the printer
man pages, Tools and languages
preview, Previewing formatted files
remove jobs, Removing jobs from the print queue
status, Status of your print jobs, Status of your printer
troubleshooting, Wrong file
proc, Visual, Displaying process information
processes
automatic, Automatic processes
background, Interactive processes
changing priority, Interrupting your processes
continuous display, Displaying process information
creation, Process creation
daemonizing, Process creation
daemons, Daemons
displaying, Process attributes, Displaying process information
ending, Ending processes
exec, Process creation
foreground, Interactive processes
forking, Process creation
init scripts, Init
interactive, Interactive processes
job control, Interactive processes
job control overview, Interactive processes
manage load, Interrupting your processes
managing, Work for the system admin
nice number, Process attributes
priority, Priority
properties, Process attributes
relations, Displaying process information
return codes, Ending processes
scheduling, Use that idle time!
signal, Signals
stopping, Signals
timing, How long does it take?
zombie, Process creation
procmail, Mail user-agents
profile, The most important configuration files, The file mask, Shell setup files
example, /etc/profile example
profile.d, The profile.d directory
prompt
backup, Introduction
configuration, Introduction
examples, Some examples
protocols
AppleTalk, AppleTalk
DHCP, DHCP
IPv6, TCP/IPv6
ISDN, ISDN
LDAP, LDAP
PPP, PPP, SLIP, PLIP, PPPOE
RDP, The rdesktop protocol
SMB/NMB, SMB/NMB
TCP/IP, TCP/IP
proxy
configuration, Proxy configuration
ps, I/O resources
example with options, Displaying process information
simple example, Displaying process information
PS1, Reserved variables
PS2, Reserved variables
pstree, Displaying process information
pty, The most common devices
pwd, The commands
PWD, Reserved variables

R

radio, The most common devices
ram, The most common devices
ranges
substitution, Using shell features
rc*, The most important configuration files
rc*.d, Init
rdesktop, The rdesktop protocol
README, General, Compressing and unpacking with gzip or bzip2
reboot, Shutdown
recode, Language
regular expressions
getting started, More about grep
regular files
, Sorts of files
relative paths, Absolute and relative paths
remote execution
Cygwin, Cygwin
RDP, The rdesktop protocol
security, Rsh, rlogin and telnet
VNC, VNC
X Window, Telnet and X
remove interactively, Removing files
rename interactively, Removing files
renice, Priority
resolv.conf, The most important configuration files, /etc/resolv.conf, The Domain Name System
restore, Tools from your distribution
RGID, Process attributes
rlogin, Rsh, rlogin and telnet, Services
rm, Removing files
rmdir
, Removing files
root, Visual
file creation mask, The file mask
login, Text mode
root directory, Visual
example, Visual
root login, General remarks
root partition, Partition layout and types
route, The ip command
RPM
installation, RPM examples
remove package, RPM examples
search files, RPM examples
search packages, RPM examples
rpm, RPM examples
rsh, Rsh, rlogin and telnet, Services
rsync, Introduction
RUID, Process attributes
run level, Init
display, Init
rc files, Init
run levels
switching, Init run levels
run-parts, Cron and crontab

S

sbin, Visual
scheduling
at, The at command
batch, The at command
cron, Cron and crontab
execution time, The at command
sleep, The sleep command
types, Use that idle time!
scp, Secure remote copying
example, Secure remote copying
screen, Interactive processes
script
example, Some simple examples
first line, What are scripts?
init script example, Some simple examples
scripts
chmod, What are scripts?
sd, The most common devices
Secure SHell
, Introduction
authentication keys, Authentication keys
example, Introduction
secure copy, Secure remote copying
server authentication, Server authentication
X11Forwarding, X11 and TCP forwarding
security
check open ports, Services
considerations, Introduction
disable services, Services
file permissions, Access rights: Linux's first line of defense
firewall, What is a firewall?
intrusion detection, Intrusion detection, Have I been hacked?
log files, The most common variable files
logs, Log files
packet filters, Packet filters
proxies, Proxies
recovery, Recovering from intrusion
remote commands, Rsh, rlogin and telnet
Secure SHell, Introduction
TCP wrappers, TCP wrappers
tips, More tips
updates, Update regularly
Sendmail, Servers
sendmail.cf, The most important configuration files
sequencer, The most common devices
server types
managed services, (x)inetd
standalone, Standalone server
servers
authentication, Traditional
DHCP, DHCP
DNS, The Domain Name System
FTP, FTP servers
mail, Servers
news, News services
proxy, What is a proxy server?, Proxies
web, The Apache Web Server
services, The most important configuration files
setfont, Fonts
sftp, FTP clients
example, Secure remote copying
SGID, Special modes, SUID and SGID
SGML, Tools and languages
sh, Shell types
shadow, Traditional
shell
configuration files, Shell setup files
definition, What is a shell?
history, General line filtering
scripts, What are scripts?
substitution, Using shell features
switching, Shell types
types, Shell types
SHELL, Which shell am I using?, General, Reserved variables
shells, Shell types
Shift, Using Bash features
shutdown, Introduction, Init, Shutdown
SIGHUP, Signals
SIGINT, Signals, Interrupting your processes
SIGKILL, Signals, Interrupting your processes
signals
overview, Signals
SIGTERM, Signals, Interrupting your processes
single user mode, Init
slapd, LDAP
slash, Visual
backslash, The path
forward, General remarks, Partition layout and types
sleep, Use that idle time!
examples, The sleep command
smb.conf, SMB/NMB
sndconfig, The most important configuration files
sockets
definition, Sorts of files
software
installing, General
sort, Filtering output
file size, Filtering output
unique, Filtering output
sound, The most important configuration files
source, .bash_profile example
special files
definition, Sorts of files
spool, The most common variable files
square braces, The man pages, Using shell features
ssh, The most important configuration files, Rsh, rlogin and telnet, Introduction
ssh-keygen, Authentication keys
sshd_config, Introduction
standard error, Use of file descriptors
stdin, What are standard input and standard output?
stdout, What are standard input and standard output?
sticky bit, Special modes
su, The path
sudo, Text mode
SUID, Special modes, SUID and SGID
swap partition, Partition layout and types
example, Partition layout and types
swapping, Memory resources
symbolic links, Creating symbolic links
sysconfig, The most important configuration files, Init
system
CPU resources, CPU resources
I/O resources, I/O resources
load, Load
memory resources, Memory resources
monitoring, Graphical tools
performance, Performance
updates, General remarks

W

wall, SUID and SGID
wc, The path
web browsers
overview, Web browsers
whatis
example, The whatis and apropos commands
which, The path, Which
who, Init
example, SUID and SGID
whois, The whois command
window manager, Window and desktop managers
write
4dwx, SUID and SGID